xXx

Hexid M1n1 5h3ll MobiLe

proc/2213/cwd/usr/share/doc/coreutils-8.22/fileutils/_[ Not.Writable ]

File://proc/2213/cwd/usr/share/doc/coreutils-8.22/fileutils/NEWS

[4.1.11]
* `rm symlink-to-unwritable' doesn't prompt [introduced in 4.1.10]
[4.1.10]
* rm once again gives a reasonable diagnostic when failing to remove a file
    owned by someone else in a sticky directory [introduced in 4.1.9]
* df now rounds all quantities up, as per POSIX.
* New ls time style: long-iso, which generates YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM.
* Any time style can be preceded by "posix-"; this causes "ls" to
  use traditional timestamp format when in the POSIX locale.
* The default time style is now posix-long-iso instead of posix-iso.
  Set TIME_STYLE="posix-iso" to revert to the behavior of 4.1.1 through 4.1.9.
* `rm dangling-symlink' doesn't prompt [introduced in 4.1.9]
* stat: remove support for --secure/-s option and related %S and %C format specs
* stat: rename --link/-l to --dereference/-L.
    The old options will continue to work for a while.
[4.1.9]
* rm can now remove very deep hierarchies, in spite of any limit on stack size
* new programs: link, unlink, and stat
* New ls option: --author (for the Hurd).
* `touch -c no-such-file' no longer fails, per POSIX
[4.1.8]
* mv no longer mistakenly creates links to preexisting destination files
    that aren't moved
[4.1.7]
* rm: close a hole that would allow a running rm process to be subverted
[4.1.6]
* New cp option: --copy-contents.
* cp -r is now equivalent to cp -R.  Use cp -R -L --copy-contents to get the
  traditional (and rarely desirable) cp -r behavior.
* ls now accepts --time-style=+FORMAT, where +FORMAT works like date's format
* The obsolete usage `touch [-acm] MMDDhhmm[YY] FILE...' is no longer
  supported on systems conforming to POSIX 1003.1-2001.  Use touch -t instead.
* cp and inter-partition mv no longer give a misleading diagnostic in some
    unusual cases
[4.1.5]
* cp -r no longer preserves symlinks
* The block size notation is now compatible with SI and with IEC 60027-2.
  For example, --block-size=1MB now means --block-size=1000000,
  whereas --block-size=1MiB now means --block-size=1048576.
  A missing `B' (e.g. `1M') has the same meaning as before.
  A trailing `B' now means decimal, not binary; this is a silent change.
  The nonstandard `D' suffix (e.g. `1MD') is now obsolescent.
* -H or --si now outputs the trailing 'B', for consistency with the above.
* Programs now output trailing 'K' (not 'k') to mean 1024, as per IEC 60027-2.
* New df, du short option -B is short for --block-size.
* You can omit an integer `1' before a block size suffix,
  e.g. `df -BG' is equivalent to `df -B 1G' and to `df --block-size=1G'.
* The following options are now obsolescent, as their names are
  incompatible with IEC 60027-2:
   df, du: -m or --megabytes (use -BM or --block-size=1M)
   df, du, ls: --kilobytes (use --block-size=1K)
[4.1.4]
* df --local no longer lists smbfs file systems whose name starts with //
* dd now detects the Linux/tape/lseek bug at run time and warns about it.
[4.1.3]
* ls -R once again outputs a blank line between per-directory groups of files.
    This was broken by the cycle-detection change in 4.1.1.
* dd once again uses `lseek' on character devices like /dev/mem and /dev/kmem.
    On systems with the linux kernel (at least up to 2.4.16), dd must still
    resort to emulating `skip=N' behavior using reads on tape devices, because
    lseek has no effect, yet appears to succeed.  This may be a kernel bug.
[4.1.2]
* cp no longer fails when two or more source files are the same;
    now it just gives a warning and doesn't copy the file the second time.
    E.g., cp a a d/ produces this:
    cp: warning: source file `a' specified more than once
* chmod would set the wrong bit when given symbolic mode strings like
    these: g=o, o=g, o=u.  E.g., `chmod a=,o=w,ug=o f' would give a mode
    of --w-r---w- rather than --w--w--w-.
[4.1.1]
* mv (likewise for cp), now fails rather than silently clobbering one of
    the source files in the following example:
    rm -rf a b c; mkdir a b c; touch a/f b/f; mv a/f b/f c
* ls -R detects directory cycles, per POSIX.  It warns and doesn't infloop.
* cp's -P option now means the same as --no-dereference, per POSIX.
    Use --parents to get the old meaning.
* When copying with the -H and -L options, cp can preserve logical
    links between source files with --preserve=links
* cp accepts new options:
    --preserve[={mode,ownership,timestamps,links,all}]
    --no-preserve={mode,ownership,timestamps,links,all}
* cp's -p and --preserve options remain unchanged and are equivalent
    to `--preserve=mode,ownership,timestamps'
* mv and cp accept a new option: --reply={yes,no,query};  provides a consistent
    mechanism to control whether one is prompted about certain existing
    destination files.  Note that cp's and mv's -f options don't have the
    same meaning: cp's -f option no longer merely turns off `-i'.
* remove portability limitations (e.g., PATH_MAX on the Hurd, fixes for
    64-bit systems)
* mv now prompts before overwriting an existing, unwritable destination file
    when stdin is a tty, unless --force (-f) is specified, as per POSIX.
* mv: fix the bug whereby `mv -uf source dest' would delete source,
    even though it's older than dest.
* chown's --from=CURRENT_OWNER:CURRENT_GROUP option now works
* cp now ensures that the set-user-ID and set-group-ID bits are cleared for
    the destination file when when copying and not preserving permissions.
* `ln -f --backup k k' gives a clearer diagnostic
* ls no longer truncates user names or group names that are longer
    than 8 characters.
* ls's new --dereference-command-line option causes it to dereference
  symbolic links on the command-line only.  It is the default unless
  one of the -d, -F, or -l options are given.
* ls -H now means the same as ls --dereference-command-line, as per POSIX.
* ls -g now acts like ls -l, except it does not display owner, as per POSIX.
* ls -n now implies -l, as per POSIX.
* ls can now display dates and times in one of four time styles:

  - The `full-iso' time style gives full ISO-style time stamps like
    `2001-05-14 23:45:56.477817180 -0700'.
  - The 'iso' time style gives ISO-style time stamps like '2001-05-14 '
    and '05-14 23:45'.
  - The 'locale' time style gives locale-dependent time stamps like
    'touko  14  2001' and 'touko  14 23:45' (in a Finnish locale).
  - The 'posix-iso' time style gives traditional POSIX-locale
    time stamps like 'May 14  2001' and 'May 14 23:45' unless the user
    specifies a non-POSIX locale, in which case it uses ISO-style dates.
    This is the default.

  You can specify a time style with an option like --time-style='iso'
  or with an environment variable like TIME_STYLE='iso'.  GNU Emacs 21
  and later can parse ISO dates, but older Emacs versions cannot, so
  if you are using an older version of Emacs outside the default POSIX
  locale, you may need to set TIME_STYLE="locale".

* --full-time is now an alias for "-l --time-style=full-iso".

Changes in release 4.1:
[4.0.45]
* dd conv=sync,block now pads only with spaces
* ls's -1 option no longer cancels the effect of a preceding -l
* regenerate configure using a patched version of autoconf-2.49e to work
    around a bug in its test for a working memcmp function
* ls: fix off-by-one error introduced with the previous change
[4.0.44]
* ls: When given two or more arguments but the only one that exists is a
    directory, don't treat it as if it were the only argument.  Before,
    `mkdir d; ls no-dir d 2>/dev/null' would act like `ls d' and produce
    no output.  Now, it prints `d:'.
* touch -d 'last friday' would use a time stamp that was one hour off
    (e.g., 23:00 on *thursday* rather than 00:00 of the preceding friday)
    when run such that the current time and the target date/time fall on
    opposite sides of a daylight savings time transition.
    This problem arises only with relative date strings like `last monday'.
    It is not a problem with strings that include absolute dates.
[4.0.43]
* regenerate configure-related files using autoconf-2.49d
[4.0.42]
* Using ls's short-named `-H' option evokes the warning that the
   meaning of `-H' will soon change.  Use `--si' instead.
[4.0.41]
* fix bug in rm introduced in 4.0.38: `chmod 0 f; rm f' would no longer prompt
    before removal.
[4.0.40]
* portability fixes, mainly for UnixWare 7.1.1
[4.0.39]
* cp and mv accept --strip-trailing-slashes, not just --strip-trailing-slash
[4.0.38]
* ls --full-time now implies -l;  before, without -l it was a no-op
[4.0.37]
* portability fixes for SunOS4.1.1, Fujitsu (f300-fujitsu-uxpv4.1_ES),
    and Unicos (alphaev5-cray-unicosmk2.0.5.X)
[4.0.36]
* `mv dir/ new-name' no longer fails on SunOS4.1.1U
* attempting to use mv to move a symlink onto itself no longer removes
    the symlink
* `cp -R directory file' no longer removes `file'.  now it fails and gives
    a diagnostic
* The manual now warns that ls's --full-time format string is planned
    to change in a future release.
* ls -l's time stamp format now depends on LC_TIME, not LC_MESSAGES,
    as POSIX requires.
* ls -l now reports the year for files even slightly in the future, as
    POSIX requires.  This helps warn users about clock skew problems.
* `cp -d file symlink-to-some-other-file' no longer fails
* performance improvements for ls
[4.0.35]
* ln --backup=simple --suffix=SUFFIX once again uses SUFFIX
* install: Likewise.
[4.0.34]
* fix a bug (introduced in 4.0z) that made `chown 123:456 file' act like
    `chown 123:123 file'.  Other uses with a numeric group ID would cause
    chown to fail when it shouldn't have.
* the chown and chgrp programs preserve set-uid and set-gid bits, even on
    systems for which the chown function call resets those bits.
* `ls -L dangling-symlink' now fails (per POSIX) rather than printing the
    link name
* dd no longer honors the just-added `B' suffix on skip= and seek= arguments.
* `mkdir no-such-dir/' no longer fails on NetBSD systems
[4.0.33]
* dd now accepts skip=nB and seek=nB, to advance past some number of bytes, n,
    that need not be a multiple of the block size.
* dd (without conv=notrunc) now complains only when ftruncate fails on a
    regular file, a directory, or a shared memory object -- not when it fails
    to truncate other types of files, like /dev/fd0.
* chmod --changes (-c) once again issues diagnostics only for the files
    with changed permissions
* mkdir now gives one diagnostic (rather than two) for certain failures
* mkdir portability fix for NetBSD
[4.0.32]
* touch now interprets a lone numeric argument of 8 or 10 digits as a file name,
  rather than as a date/time in the obsolescent `MMDDhhmm[YY]' format.
* mkdir no longer sets the permissions of the final directory component
  if it already exists (this bug, too, was introduced recently)
* ls's --full-time format string is now locale dependent
[4.0.31]
* mkdir: fix a bug introduced in 4.0.30 whereby `mkdir existing-dir' would
  succeed.  Now it fails, as it should (and used to).
[4.0.30]
* mkdir: fix a bug introduced in 4.0.28 whereby parent directories created
  via `mkdir -p' would have permissions that did not account for the umask
[4.0.29]
* ls.c wouldn't compile on some systems: fix it
* `cp -R --parents dir1/ dir2' failed on NetBSD, due to a portability problem
[4.0.28]
* ls is much more efficient on systems (e.g., linux-2.4.*) that store file
    type information in directory entries.
* shred now automatically determines the size of each block device argument
* ls's date/time format strings are now locale dependent
* mkdir, mknod, mkfifo, and chmod work better in conjunction with ACLs
* `cp --parents dir1/ dir2' no longer gets a failed assertion
* shred now determines the size of block devices like /dev/fd0
* `shred --exact file1 file2' now erases `file1', too
[4.0.27]
* install once again unlinks an existing destination before trying to open it
* mv no longer gets a failed assertion when moving a directory (specified with
    a trailing slash) from one partition to another, and giving it a different
    name at the destination.
* `cp --link -f src existing-dest' no longer fails (bug introduced in 4.0z)
* cp's new --remove-destination option now works with -R
[4.0z]
* `cp -p' once again preserves `special' permission bits (this bug was
    introduced in 4.0y)
* mv's --force (-f) option now controls solely whether mv prompts (per POSIX)
* `cp -f' now first attempts to open an existing destination file, and only
    if that fails does it resort to unlinking the file and retrying the open.
    Before, it would unlink the file before trying to open it.
* cp accepts a new option, --remove-destination, that provides the old behavior
* cp's -f option no longer cancels the effect of --interactive (-i) (per POSIX)
* when ls sorts directory entries, it now honors the current locale settings
* dd's `skip=BLOCKS' operator once again works on systems with a buggy lseek
  function (Linux, at least on SCSI tape devices)
* fix a typo in install-sh
[4.0y]
* cp now accepts the POSIX-mandated -H and -L options.
* cp -p and mv now try to preserve uid even if you're not root, as per POSIX.2.
  This affects behavior only on hosts that let you give files away via chmod.
* du would fail when given `.' or `..' followed by other command line arguments
* Using cp's short-named `-P' option evokes the warning that the
   meaning of `-P' will soon change.  Use `--parents' instead.
* chgrp, chmod, and chown: when used with the --verbose option, might give an
  invalid diagnostic (due to clobbered errno) when failing.
[4.0x]
* Fix cp so that `cp -r DIR1/ DIR2' works properly once again.
* New ls option --quoting-style=clocale acts like --quoting-style=locale,
  except that it quotes "like this" by default instead of `like this'.
[4.0w]
* When `cp -pR' fails to copy a file, it now preserves permissions, owner,
   and group of the containing directory.
[4.0v]
* df, du, and ls now round disk usage up and disk free space down
* df, du, ls: --block-size=N now works for values of N that are e.g.,
    not a multiple of the file's block size
[4.0u]
* give proper diagnostic for mv usage error
* fix compile problem with lib/strnlen.c
[4.0t]
* `cp -d -u' no longer fails with certain existing destination symlinks
* rmdir and mkdir accept -v as synonym for --verbose
[4.0s]
* rm no longer segfaults on certain very deep hierarchies
* IMPORTANT SECURITY FIX: a running `rm -r' may no longer be subverted to
  remove unintended directories
* cp can now remove unwritable files in interactive mode; contrary to how mv
   works, cp's --interactive (-i) option does *not* cancel the effect of a
   preceding --force (-f) option.
* all programs fail when printing --help or --version output to a full device
* install no longer performs chmod if chown fails (see ChangeLog for example)
[4.0r]
* `du dir/subdir1 dir/subdir2' no longer fails
* chown accepts new option: --from=CURRENT_OWNER:CURRENT_GROUP
* cp accepts new option: --strip-trailing-slashes
* install --directory (-d) may now be used to set special bits
    e.g., `install -m a=rwx,o+t -d DIR' now honors the `o+t' part
* cp, mv, ln, install: document that while the --backup option takes an
  optional argument, the -b option accepts none
* `ls -e' fails with a more useful diagnostic
* df produces better output for loop file system mount points
[4.0q]
* install -D bug is fixed
* chown now works properly when the specified login name contains a period
  This is at the expense of always looking up the entire USER.GROUP string
  as a login name first, and only then (upon failure) interpreting the `.'
  as a separator and looking up `USER'.  To avoid the extra getpwnam call,
  always use the POSIX-mandated `:' character as the separator.
* `du some-other-dir' no longer fails if it can't open the current directory
* `mv DIR EXISTING-FILE' no longer removes EXISTING-FILE.  Now it gets an error
  as POSIX says it must.
* touch no longer hangs on fifos
[4.0p]
* various tools: quote multibyte characters correctly in diagnostics
* mv: portability fix for alpha
* dd: portability fix
* unified lib/: now that directory and most of the configuration framework
  is common between fileutils, textutils, and sh-utils
[4.0o]
* Include lib/nanosleep.h.
[4.0n]
* cp, install, ln, and mv: when making backup files in verbose mode, these
  commands now print the backup file name on the same line as the rest of the
  information, e.g., `a -> b (backup: b.~13~)' rather than on a separate line
  as all but ln used to do.  ln didn't output the backup file name at all.
[4.0m]
* mv accepts new option: --strip-trailing-slashes (soon, many other
  programs will, too)
* df no longer hangs when there is an inaccessible mount point unrelated to PATH
* rmdir --verbose no longer prints extra, bogus diagnosic upon failure
* fix df bug that made it print bogus values in the `Use%' column.
* touch -d once again parses dates with `hh:mm ZONE' time zone info.
[4.0l]
* ls -l honors a trailing slash on a symlink argument, per POSIX.
* shred no longer appears to infloop when asked to remove files in
  unwritable directories
* `ls -ul' and `ls -uc' sort by name once again, as they should
[4.0k]
* mv may now be used to move a file onto a symlink to itself when that
  symlink is on a separate partition.  With fileutils-4.0j, it would
  fail with a diagnostic saying they were the same file.
* touch would fail with the misleading diagnostic `no such file' when asked
  to create a file in an unwritable directory.  Now it says something like
  `permission denied' or `read-only file system'.
[4.0j]
* mkdir may now be used to set special bits  e.g., `mkdir -m o+t dir' works
* touch can now change the time(s) of a file you own even if you don't have
  read or write access to it
* rm no longer dumps core after warning about directory cycles
* mv now refuses to move a file onto a symlink to itself when that symlink
  is on a separate partition.  Before, it would remove the file and leave
  only the symlink.
* `install -d -g foo 1/2' now sets the `group' of the final component as well
  as that of the leading one.
* df, du, and ls no longer divide by zero when an invalid block size is
  specified through an environment variable
* under certain conditions, chgrp would fail to affect files referenced
  through symlinks.  Now it does.
* ln now makes hard links to symlinks on systems that support it.
* touch: no longer infloop on dangling symlinks
* cp, install, ln, mv: deprecate the --version-control option.  Use --backup's
  new optional argument instead.  The old option still works, but now evokes a
  warning.
* cp, install, ln, mv: the --backup option now accepts an optional argument
* cp, install, ln, mv: accept new option: --target-directory=DIR
* chgrp: accept new option, --dereference.  --no-dereference is now the default.
* New ls option --quoting-style=locale acts like --quoting-style=c, except
  with locale-specific quoting symbols (` and ' by default) instead of ".
* `df DIR' is less likely to hang due to bad NFS mounts
* As per POSIX.2, `df -P' now uses ceiling rather than rounding, and its
  header now says `1024-blocks ... Capacity' instead of `1k-blocks ... Use%'.
[4.0i]
* `cp -f FILE FILE' and `mv -f FILE FILE' no longer remove FILE
* touch works once again (DST-wise) when certain `--date DATE-TIME'
  values are specified.
* shred's -u option (short form of --remove) is now accepted
[4.0h]
* cp --one-file-system (-x) no longer crosses filesystem boundaries.
* touch can once again operate on directories
[4.0g]
* New large-file support for AIX and HP-UX, and for cross-compiles.
* shred's default options are now suitable for devices, not files, since
  shred is more reliable on devices.  shred now does not remove by default;
  the old -p or --preserve option was inverted and renamed to -u or --remove.
* shred -u now attempts to truncate devices before removing them.
* shred -v no longer outputs carriage-returns; shred -vv has no extra effect;
  shred -v now outputs to stderr.
* shred now tries to find the size of a non-regular file by seeking to its end.
* dd now opens the output file for *read* access only if `seek=' is used.
[4.0f]
* `ls --color' no longer segfaults
* dd works once again
[4.0e]
* shred --devices option renamed to -D so that -d, -i and -r can be
  compatible with rm.
* shred -s/--size=N option added to specify the size of the object to be
  shredded.
* `shred -' now shreds stdout rather than stdin.  This is incompatible with -v.
* shred now does not need to read from its output file, so opens it O_WRONLY
* `ls -l' uses `+' to designate each file that has a custom ACL
* eliminate race condition that could make touch truncate a nonempty file
* No longer use *_unlocked I/O macros on systems (like solaris5.5.1) where
  they're not declared, so selected executables (e.g., rm) that are linked
  with shared libraries will once again run on solaris5.6 systems.
[4.0d (aka 4.1-b3)]
* ls recognizes solaris 2 `doors'
* new program: shred
* ln: Allow creation of a hard link to a dangling symlink
* cp, mv, install: --verbose now prints a message for each backup-related
  renaming
* portability fixes for copy.c's code to detect move-directory-into-self
* upgrade to automake-1.3b
* upgrade to autoconf-2.13, and...
* remove some of the kludges in m4/*.m4 that permitted
[4.1-b2]
* concurrent `mkdir -p' processes no longer fail when creating the
  same hierarchy
* argmatch.c has been fixed so that the unambiguous usage `ls --color=n'
  no longer evokes an error.
* now, specifying an improper argument for an option that accepts enumerated
  values evokes diagnostics like this:
    $ src/touch --time=x file
    src/touch: invalid argument `x' for `--time'
    Valid arguments are:
      - `atime', `access', `use'
      - `mtime', `modify'
    Try `src/touch --help' for more information.
[4.1-b1]
* ls --quoting-style=c prints correct octal escapes for certain nonprinting
  characters in file names.
* fix `ls -R .' formatting bug that broke mktexlsr
* moving a directory into itself is properly diagnosed in more cases
* moving a directory containing hard-linked files now works

Changes in release 4.0:
[4.0-b7]
* rm -rf '' no longer gets a failed assertion on the Hurd
[4.0-b6]
* rm simply fails as it should (rather than segfaulting) for
  `mkdir -m 0100 x; rm -rf x'
[4.0-b5]
* still *more* mktime.c portability tweaks
[4.0-b4]
* mktime.c portability tweak for headers with GNU libc 5.4.44.
[4.0-b3]
* mktime.c works around problems with Digital Unix 4.0A and 4.0D.
* mktime.c handles dates in the spring-forward gap the same way other
  implementations do
* install accepts long option --suffix=SUFFIX
[4.0-b2]
* man/Makefile.maint framework tweaks
* add test for `mv -i' bug
[4.0-pre1]
* fix serious bug whereby `touch a b; echo n|mv -i a b' would remove b.
[3.16z]
* portability tweaks
* avoid `root `cp -a' from Netapp snapshot' corruption
[3.16y]
* `install -D' now works
* distribute maintainer Makefiles in man/
[3.16x]
* man pages are now automatically generated from a combination of --help
  output and the contents of new (though mostly empty), man/*.x files.
[3.16w]
* touch now interprets `-t TIME-DATE' as POSIX specifies
* `ls EMPTY-DIR EMPTY-DIR' once again outputs the directory names
[3.16v]
* portability fixes
* `ls -R EMPTY-DIR' now outputs the name of the directory
[3.16u]
* mv now fails (as it should) upon attempt to move a directory into itself
* `cp -a --one-file-system' now copies any mount point directories it
  encounters on the selected file system.
[3.16t]
* cp (with --update) and ls compare time stamps with subsecond resolution when
  available (e.g., on systems with recent Linux kernels and on Solaris 2.6).
* install once again does the -m-specified chmod *after* running strip
  (this fixes another bug introduced in 3.16o)
[3.16s]
* df accept a new option --local (-l)
* touch works around a system-specific bug so it now affects existing,
  zero-length files on certain systems
* chown now works even on certain SVR3 systems where it used to fail
[3.16r]
* include gettext's m4 macros
* minor cp bug fixed
* non-portable cp tests removed
* --without-included-regex now means don't compile regex.c
* rx support removed
[3.16q]
* `df', `du', and `ls' now accept a new option --block-size=SIZE,
  where SIZE can be a positive integer block size, followed by an
  optional SI prefix (e.g. `k' for kilo, `M' for Mega), followed by an
  optional `B' (for ``byte'', indicating powers of 1024, which is the
  default) or `D' (for ``decimal byte'', indicating powers of 1000).
  SIZE can also be `human-readable' (for -h or --human-readable
  behavior) or `si' (for -H or --si behavior).
* These suffixes can also be used by `dd'; e.g. `dd bs=1MB' is equivalent
  to `dd bs=1048576'.
* The default block size for the `df' command is now obtained from the
  DF_BLOCK_SIZE environment variable or, if that is not set, from BLOCK_SIZE.
  Similarly for `du' and `ls'.
* The output columns of `df' have been adjusted slightly to accommodate
  larger filesystems.
* fix gettext-related link failures seen when configuring certain ways
[3.16p]
* fix install bug introduced in 3.16o
* build/test changes only
[3.16o]
* chown accepts new option, --dereference.  --no-dereference is now the default.
* install now shares core copying code with mv and cp
* mv (between distinct filesystems) now uses more of the core copying code
* fixed a bug or two in mv
* df once again displays negative numbers when that's what's returned
  by get_fs_usage
[3.16n]
* `mv dir dir' once again does *not* remove dir/
* ls accepts new options:
    --indicator-style=none (no indicators, the default)
    --indicator-style=classify (all indicators)
         (equivalent to -F or --classify)
    --indicator-style=file-type (file type indicators)
         (equivalent to -p or --file-type)

    --quoting-style=literal (do not quote output)
    --quoting-style=shell (minimally quote output for the shell)
    --quoting-style=shell-always (always quote output with '' for the shell)
    --quoting-style=c (quote output as for a C-language string)
         (equivalent to -Q or --quote-name)
    --quoting-style=escape (like c but omit enclosing "")
         (equivalent to -b or --escape)

    --show-control-chars is the opposite of --hide-control-chars
      This option can be useful if output is to a terminal,
      to override the default beahvior of hiding control characters.

* The QUOTING_STYLE environment variable can now be used to specify the
  default value for ls's --quoting-style option.  If not specified,
  the default quoting style is 'literal', but this default may change to
  'shell' in a future version of this package.
* ls's quoting style now affects operands in diagnostics, too.
* ls's --dired option now outputs the quoting style
  using the format of the new --quoting-style option.
* ls's -e or --quote-shell option (introduced in 3.16j) has been removed;
  use --quoting-style=shell to get its functionality.
[3.16m]
* mv can move (and doesn't read) special files
* remove maintainer mode
[3.16l]
* mv can finally move non-regular files between partitions
[3.16k]
* install accepts new option, -D
[3.16j]
* du accepts new options, --exclude=PAT and --exclude-from=FILE (-X FILE)
* ls now quotes file names for the shell by default, if they contain
  characters that need quoting.  Use -N to get the old default behavior.
  The new behavior is also enabled by the new option -e or --quote-shell.
* ln --backup is now consistent with cp and mv in that --force is no longer
  required when the destination is an existing non-directory.
* install accepts new option, --verbose (-v)
* mkdir -p is a lot faster when creating very deep directories on some systems
* rm -i no longer exits with status indicating failure solely because the
  user declines to remove a file
* rm -r is a lot faster on some systems when removing deep hierarchies
* chgrp, chmod, and chown no longer give contradictory output when --verbose
  is used and an operation fails
* ls's multicolumn option now uses variable width columns to conserve
  vertical space
* install accepts new option, --preserve-timestamps
* du --megabytes --total now shows total in megabytes
* ls accepts new option, -h or --human-readable
* df, du, and ls now accept new option, -H or --si, for powers of 1000 not 1024
* df, du, and ls now consistently round to nearest, with ties going to even
* df, du, and ls now use `k' instead of `K' for `kilo',
  and support larger abbreviations T(era), P(eta), E(xa), Z(etta), Y(otta)
* touch -d DATE now works on Unicos
* du accepts new option --max-depth=N
* rmdir accepts new options: --ignore-fail-on-non-empty and --verbose
* on most hosts df, du, and ls now overflow at 2**64 bytes, not 2**31 bytes
* all programs now work on large files on LFS systems like Solaris 2.6 and
  Linux with the pre-2.1 development version of GNU libc.
* df now works with OpenBSD 2.1 beta
* cp -d FILE SYMLINK-TO-FILE doesn't erase FILE.  Now it gives an error.

Changes in release 3.16:
* du --megabytes (-m) works
* ls -l works even on systems with non-POSIX strftime in their C library

Changes in release 3.15:
* touch --date=DATE bug (due to broken getdate.y) has been fixed
* ls -l no longer misformats the date when run in a locale for which the
  locale's abbreviated week-day name (strftime's %a format) is shorter or
  longer than the `normal' three bytes (with LANG=de it's a two-byte string).
* Using --program-prefix no longer applies the prefix twice
* ls --color properly restores color attributes upon completion when the
  normal (`no') color attribute is not the default color.
* with ls -s --color, the `total' and size of the first file are printed
* ls --color stats symlinks and distinguishes between regular symlinks
  and orphan ones.
* cp --preserve preserves owner and group of symlinks on Linux when run
  with EUID == 0
* dircolors no longer accepts --print-data-base (alternate spelling of
  --print-database)

Changes in release 3.14:
* ls --color highlights based on suffix rules only for regular files
* touch --date=DATE accepts dates like those in an RCS log listing, e.g.,
  `1992/11/01 05:44:34'.
* install SRC DST no longer rejects non-regular, non-directory SRC
* df accepts -F as a synonym for -t for compatibility with Solaris
* cp -i /dev/null existing-file now prompts before overwriting the target
* ls --color highlights orphaned symlinks text on terminals that support it
* ls -l honors current locale with respect to abbreviated month names (and,
  with --full-time day names) on systems with a locale-supporting strftime
  function, e.g., ones based on recent versions of the GNU C library
* ls -l recognizes Cray's migrated dmf files.
* chgrp no longer aborts when given a group number larger than INT_MAX
* chgrp now fails when run by root with an unrecognized group name
* when possible, cp -p preserves owner/group even on symlinks in case
  they're in a directory that has the sticky-bit set.
* cp --recursive --parents SRC DEST works when SRC is an absolute file name.

Changes in release 3.13:
* ls properly determines window size on SunOS and Solaris systems
* ls accepts new option --color[=WHEN] where WHEN is `always', `never',
  or `auto'.  --color=never is the default.  --color is equivalent
  to --color=always.
* new program: dircolors
* ls allows 0 as argument to --tabsize (-T) option.  Using --tabsize=0
  inhibits the use of TAB characters for separating columns.
* you can create a backup of FILE with cp --force --backup FILE FILE.  Before,
  that command failed saying that ``FILE' and `FILE' are the same file'.
* uses automake-generated Makefile templates
* chown and chgrp accept new option --no-dereference (-h)
* ln -f FILE FILE fails with a diagnostic rather than silently removing FILE
* when building on systems that have getopt_long (most GNU-oriented ones),
  the system-provided function will be used -- so executables may be a
  little smaller
* cp -p, and mv modify owner and/or group of symlinks on systems
  (like Solaris) that provide the lchown system call.
* df no longer invokes the sync system call by default.  You can use the
  --sync option to make df invoke sync before getting file system sizes.
* internationalized diagnostic messages
* mkdir accepts new option: --verbose
* `cp file D/' uses the full file name `D/file' instead of `D//file'.
* cp --backup a~ a fails instead of silently destroying the source file
* df and du have new options --human-readable (-h) and --megabytes (-m).
* install now honors --backup (-b), --suffix=SUFFIX (-S SUFFIX), and
  --version-control=WORD (-V WORD) options just as cp, ln, and mv do.
* ln --verbose output is less prone to misinterpretation
* ls -o works like -lG;  for compatibility with other versions of ls
* cp has a new option to control creation of sparse files:
  --sparse={auto,always,never}.  --sparse=auto is the default.
* rm -rf '' behaves properly on SunOS 4 systems
* touch: rename long option name, --file, to --reference.
  `touch --file' will continue to work a little longer.
* df fails if the same file system type is both selected and excluded.
* df works around SunOS statfs brokenness wrt filesystems larger than 2GB
* df better handles inconsistent mtab entries
* `ls -lDR dir dir2' works
* `ls -c' does what it's supposed to
* all programs include program name in --version output
* `ls --quote-name' works
* mv properly determines whether src and dest are the same file
  Before, it could (though with very low probability) fail to do the move,
  reporting that distinct source and destination are the same file.
* du --dereference (-L) works with directory symlinks
* du works on SunOS 4 systems even when accounting is enabled
* many programs that convert strings to integers now use strtol or strtoul
  and detect overflow

User-visible changes in release 3.12:
* None.
User-visible changes in release 3.11:
* None.
User-visible changes in release 3.10:
* mkdir -p now ignores arguments that are existing directories.  Before,
  (contrary to POSIX spec) it would attempt to change ownership and/or
  protections of existing directories listed on the command line.  And
  it would fail when such a directory was owned by another user.
* Fix bug in cp that made the commands `mkdir dir; touch foo; cp -P foo dir'
  incorrectly change the permissions on directory, dir.
* df accepts a new option, --no-sync, that inhibits the default invocation
  of the sync system call.
* ls accepts a new option, --dired, that makes emacs' dired mode more efficient
* skeletal texinfo documentation (mainly just the `invoking' nodes)
* ln accepts a new option: --no-dereference (-n).  With this option,
  if the destination command line argument is a symlink to a directory,
  use that as the destination instead of the file in the directory.
* `ln -i no-such-file existing-file' gives a diagnostic and fails.
  Before, if you responded `yes' to the prompt it would both remove
  `existing-file' and fail to make a link.
* du no longer requires read access to all of the directory components
  of the current working directory on systems with fchdir.
* touch -d 'date' is no longer off by one hour.
* New program: sync.
* Fix bug in cp that made the commands `ln -s . s; cp -rd s r' incorrectly
  create `r' as a symlink instead of as a regular file.
* du's -S and -c options now work when used together.
  Before, the grand total was always reported to be zero.

Major changes in release 3.9:
* --help gives a one-line description of each option and shows the
  correspondence between short and long-named options.
* work around systems with BROKEN_STAT_MACROS
* work around problem where $(srcdir)/config.h was used instead of
  ../config.h -- this happened only when building in a subdirectory
  and when config.h remained in $(srcdir) from a previous ./configure.
* GNU chmod treats symlinks the same way other vendor's versions do.
  Now symlinks listed on the command line are processed (they were
  ignored before); the permissions of the dereferenced files are
  changed.  Symlinks encountered in recursive traversals are still
  ignored.  This makes GNU chmod act more like e.g. Sun's.
* configure uses config.h, so DEFS won't exceed preprocessor limits of
  some compilers on the number of symbols defined via -D.
* ls and cp can handle mount points on more systems
* cp, mkdir, and rmdir long option --path renamed to --parents;  --path
  will still work for a while
* cp, ln, and mv convert `cp A B/' to cp A B/A when A is not a directory.
  This change affects only the two-argument form of the commands.  It makes
  such commands fail when the target has a trailing slash but is not a
  directory or symlink to a directory and the source is not a directory.
  They used to succeed, ignoring the implicitly contradictory trailing slash.

Major changes in release 3.8:
* install isn't as likely to produce spurious errors
* avoid redundant compilations for `dir' and `vdir';
* configure properly defines STAT_STATFS2_BSIZE on a Pyramid MIServer
  running OSx 5.1

Major changes in release 3.7:
* none
Major changes in release 3.6:
* `ln -s dir_pathname .' works when the pathname has a trailing slash
* with the --version option programs print the version and exit immediately
* GNU ls -f works like Unix ls -f
* mktime replacement works

Major changes in release 3.5:
* adds support for DEC Alpha under OSF/1
* configuring with gcc uses CFLAGS='-g -O' by default
* all programs accept --help and --version options
* long-named options must be introduced with `--'; `+' is no longer
  accepted since it is incompatible with the POSIX.2 standard
* chmod accepts long-named options
* dd conv=unblock doesn't hang
* new df option --exclude=fstype
* new ls option --full-time

Major changes in release 3.4:
* cp -p and mv preserve setuid and setgid bits
* chown works on systems where sizeof(uid_t) != sizeof(int)
  or sizeof(uid) != sizeof(gid)
* catch errors from spurious slashes at ends of arguments

Major changes in release 3.3:
* df sped up by not calling sync for every filesystem
* df ported to AIX (RS/6000 and PS/2), and SVR2 port fixed
* df -i now also prints the total number of inodes per filesystem
* ls sped up by not reading symlink contents unnecessarily
* du doesn't die on POSIX systems when the root filesystem is NFS mounted
* cp and mv report chown Permission denied errors when run by root

========================================================================

Copyright (C) 1992-2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no
Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no Back-Cover
Texts.  A copy of the license is included in the ``GNU Free
Documentation License'' file as part of this distribution.

Your Access Expired	Date. in : 14-08-2025
Regist : 09-12-2024	Expired : 01-12-2027